Timing Flower Manipulation
Dale performs a test to better understand the perfect penstemon flowers. The day a flower fully opens, he removes the stamens from a flower using a tweezer and then covers the flower. He tags the flower that he tested. Weeks later, he checks this plant and finds that it produced seed.
Based on what Dale learned from his stamen removal experiment, he decides to try a new method of plant breeding. Before the flower is fully open, Dale carefully grabs the petals and removes them. The only remaining part of the flower is the pistil. Dale then performs the operations shown in the pictures below.