References and Further Readings

Allen, C. R., Angeler, D. G., Garmestani, A. S., Gunderson, L. H., & Holling, C. S. (2014). Panarchy: Theory and application. Ecosystems, 17(4), 578–589.

Angeler, D. G., Drakare, S., & Johnson, R. K. (2011). Revealing the organization of complex adaptive systems through multivariate time series modeling. Ecology and Society, 16(3), 5.

Holling, C.S., Gunderson, L., and Peterson, G.D. (2002). Sustainability and panarchies. In Gunderson, L. and Holling, C.S. (Eds.), Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems (pp. 63-102). Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.

Garmestani, A.J., Allen, C.R., and Gunderson, L. (2009). Panarchy: discontinuities reveal similarities in the dynamic system structure of ecological and social systems. Ecology and Society, 14(1), 15.

Garmestani, A.J., Allen, C.R., Mittelstaedt, J.D., Stow, C.A., and Ward, W.A. (2006). Firm size diversity, functional richness and resilience. Environment and Development Economics, 11, 533-551.

Gunderson, L. (2010). Ecological and human community resilience in response to natural disasters. Ecology and Society, 15(2), 18.

Gunderson, L. and Holling, C.S. (2002). Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.

Allen, C. R., Angeler, D. G., Garmestani, A. S., Gunderson, L. H., & Holling, C. S. (2014). Panarchy: Theory and application. Ecosystems, 17(4), 578–589.

Holling, C.S. and Gunderson, L. (Eds). (2002). Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA

Visit the glossary for this lesson.

Want to learn more about ecological resilience? Check out the full collection of ecological resilience lessons in PASSeL!