Inhibitors of Aromatic Amino Acid Biosynthesis Glossary

The basic building blocks of proteins. The sequence of amino acids in a protein and protein function are determined by the genetic code.

The basic building blocks of proteins. The sequence of amino acids in a protein and protein function are determined by the genetic code.

Family of herbicides that have activity on synthetic auxins belonging to the growth regulators mode of action.

An organelle within the plant cell in which the photosynthetic reactions are compartmentalized. The thylakoid membranes within the chloroplast are the site of the photosynthetic pigments and electron transfer components used to make energy from photosynthesis. The non-membrane space within the chloroplast is called the stroma; this is where photosynthetic energy is used to convert CO₂ into sugars.

A molecule which has a similar structure as the normal substrate an enzyme acts upon. A competitive inhibitor inhibits an enzyme's activity by directly competing with the normal substrate in binding to the active site on the enzyme.

A compartment in a plant or animal cell surrounding the nucleus in which many cell organelles and molecules are suspended.

The release of a proton from a molecule due to a change in pH.

(deoxyribonucleic acid) The molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides. It is the fundamental substance of which genes are composed.

A protein that catalyzes, or speeds up, a specific biochemical reaction without changing the nature of the reaction.

Special protein molecules which function in catalyzing chemical reactions.

Type of enzymmatic regulation where the end product of a pathway regulates the enzyme's activity rate.

The fundamental unit of heredity that carries genetic information from one generation to the next. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located on a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional protein.

A herbicide which inhibits the production of amino acids.

How a herbicide affects a plant including uptake, translocation and general effect on a plant.

The part of the plant or animal cell that contains the chromosomes.

A sequence of interconnecting enzyme reactions.

The production of proteins in a cell. Proteins are chains of amino acids linked in the order determined by the genetic code.

Important chemical pathway in plants. It is responsible for producing amino acids and other aromatic products.

Special sequences found at the end of a protein to direct its transportation to the needed cellular location.