Landscape Management
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How to meet the needs of perennial plants by considering light, community, soil, air, water, and temperature.
Aparición de resistencia a herbicidas, en una población de malezas
El uso repetido del mismo herbicida, puede provocar poblaciones de malezas que consisten de biotipos susceptibles (S) que son controlados y biotipos resistentes (R), que escapan al control para producir y retornar semilla con la característica de resistencia, al banco de semillas del suelo. Esta lección se enfocará en la dinámica poblacional de una población de malezas mezclada con biotipos S y R. Se comparará y contrastará la tasa a la que aparecen malezas resistentes en una población bajo diversas presiones de selección. ****** Esta lección se enfocará en la dinámica poblacional de una población mezclada (biotipos susceptibles y resistentes a un herbicida), y comparar y contrastar la tasa a la cual aparece resistencia al herbicida, en una población de malezas mezclada, bajo diversas presiones de selección.
Appearance of Herbicide Resistance in a Weed Population
Through the repeated use of the same herbicide, weed populations can consist of susceptible (S)-biotypes that are controlled and herbicide resistant (R)-biotypes that are left behind to produce and return seed with the resistance characteristic back into the soil. This lesson will highlight the population dynamics of a mixed weed population, containing S- and R-biotypes, and compare and contrast the rate at which herbicide resistant weeds appear in a population under a diversity of selection pressures. This lesson will highlight the population dynamics of a mixed (herbicide susceptible and resistant biotype) weed population, and compare and contrast the rate of appearance of herbicide resistance in a mixed population under a diversity of selection pressures.
Erosion
Soil erosion is a global problem. Each year, erosion costs billions of dollars in loss of land productivity, damage from soil sediment deposition and subsequent restoration costs, and harm to plant, animal, and human health due to air and water pollution. This lesson will consider the impacts of erosion at local, regional, national, and international levels. It will discuss how erosion occurs and the main factors that contribute to erosion. In addition, the different types of water and wind erosion will be discussed. The lesson is written to target educational needs of lower level undergraduate students and is open for use by the public and educational institutions. Depending on the goals/objectives of a course, training, workshop, part or all sections of the lesson could be used.
Erosion Control Measures
This lesson will discuss erosion control practices in the agricultural and construction environments. The impact of erosion management practices will be demonstrated with exercises using a USLE calculator.
Herbicide Classification
This lesson focuses on understanding the classification system into which herbicides are organized. Terms of classification, classification hierarchy, examples of classification and a brief overview of the eight modes of action are all discussed in this lesson. Once this is understood it is much easier to grasp similar herbicides and know why they may exhibit certain symptoms to weeds and plants alike. Objectives: 1. Understand how herbicides are classified and why it is important for managing herbicide resistance 2. Understand the Importance of classification and herbicides by mode of action rather than chemical family 3. Be able to tell the difference between mode of action and site of action 4. Be able to differentiate between herbicide families, modes of action, and sites of action 5. Understand common name, trade names and sites of absorption
Herbicides That Act Through Photosynthesis
This lesson will examine herbicides that adversely affect light-related processes, thereby causing damage to plants. There are four basic mechanisms that will be studied in this class of agents: herbicides that inhibit or block synthesis of Protoporphyrin IX; herbicides that inhibit synthesis of carotenoids; herbicides that block Photosystem II electron transfer; and herbicides that divert electrons from Photosystem I. All share the ability to cause cellular damage in the presence of light.
Perennial Plant Response to Defoliation - An Overview
Compares the growth of defoliated and non-defoliated perennial plants, with an emphasis on the link between plant structure, growth, and response to defoliation.
Soil Genesis and Development, Scenario 2 - Biosolid Addition and Soil Formation
This case study addresses where geographically soil addition of municipal organic wastes occurs and how this addition affects soil profile development and the use of soils as a sustainable resource.
Soils - Part 1: The Origin and Development of Soil (How Soil Gets a Life and a Name)
In this lesson, you will gain an understanding of the five soil forming factors and will be able to describe how each influences soil development. You will learn to identify common parent materials, determine the age of a soil, identify the types of native vegetation associated with different soils in Nebraska and define soil horizons. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 2: Physical Properties of Soil and Soil Water
This lesson will help you understand the major components of the physical properties of soil. You will learn such terms as texture, aggregation, soil structure, bulk density, and porosity as it relates to soils. You will learn how soil holds and transmits water and cultural practices that enhance or degrade physical properties of the soil. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 3: Soil Organic Matter
In this lesson, you will learn such terms as organic, soil organic matter, nutrient, decomposition, humus, compost, and soil structure. In addition, you will be able to predict the effect of land uses on soil organic matter including the effects of different types of vegetation. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 4: Soil pH
Soil pH is defined and its implications for crop production are described in this lesson. How are soil pH and buffer pH determined? How are these assessments used in lime recommendations? The factors that influence pH variations in soils, the chemistry involved in changing the pH of a soil, and the benefits associated with liming acid soils will be discussed. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 5: Nitrogen as a Nutrient
In this lesson, you will be able to describe the forms of nitrogen found in the soil. The nitrogen cycle and how nitrogen is lost in the environment will be thoroughly discussed. Forms of nitrogen utilized by the plant and the concept of nitrogen credits for such factors as legumes, manure, residual soil nitrogen, and irrigation water will be introduced. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 6: Phosphorus and Potassium in the Soil
This lesson explains the importance of phosphorus fixation and describes methods for applying phosphorus and the advantages (and disadvantages) of each. It also describes the three forms of potassium and how form determines availability of potassium to plants. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 7: Soil and Plant Considerations for Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur, Zinc, and other Micronutrients
The 16 essential elements for plant growth and the relative quantities of each needed by plants to grow normally will be discussed in this lesson. You will learn to identify the source of specific nutrients in the soil and how to identify specific fertilizer compounds needed in Nebraska. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 8: Characteristics of Fertilizer Materials
The various characteristics of fertilizer materials being sold on the market today will be discussed. You will learn to identify some of the consequences of using each type of fertilizer material and how that material was developed and manufactured. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 9: Fundamentals of Soil Testing
The major emphasis in this lesson is soil testing and understanding the procedures needed to take a representative soil sample. You will understand the term variability, how it affects soil tests, and how a soil test is developed. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]
Soils - Part 10: The Scientific Basis for Making Fertilizer Recommendations
The Scientific Basis for Making Fertilizer Recommendations: In this lesson, you will gain an understanding of the history of fertilizer use and the ideas behind fertilizer recommendations. Three major crop nutrition concepts will be discussed in terms of their benefits and disadvantages. [This lesson, as well as the other nine lessons in the Soils series, is taken from the "Soils Home Study Course," published in 1999 by the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension.]