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2).  Miko, I. (2008) Non-nuclear genes and their inheritance. Nature Education 1(1):135.

3). Mogensen, H.L. 1996. The hows and whys of cytoplasmic inheritance in seed plants.”  American Journal of Botany. 83(3): 383-404.

4).  Martin, W.F., and Mentel, M. 2010. The origin of mitochondria. Nature Education .3(9): 58.     

5).   Zhang Q, Liu Y, Sodmergen (2003) Examination of the cytoplasmic DNA in male reproductive cells to determine the potential for cytoplasmic inheritance in 295 angiosperm species. Plant Cell Physiol 44:941–951.