Introduction - DNA and DNA Extraction
Genetic engineering is the directed addition of new DNA to an organism's genetic makeup, its genome. DNA is the material that makes up genes. Once scientists understood the properties of DNA and how it functions as genetic material, they could envision and invent techniques for genetic engineering.
Every gene has a promoter, a coding region, and a termination sequence. (P. Hain, 2003)
DNA is the instruction manual for living things. Within the relatively simple double helix structure, DNA holds the coded information for how to make every protein a living organism might need throughout its entire life.